Inkqubo yokwenziwa kweegiya

Kutshanje senze ibhetshi yeiigiya ezingekho mgangathweni, ikakhulu esetyenziswa kwicandelo loomatshini abazenzekelayo, ke ngaba uyazi ukuba ngawaphi amanyathelo ethu okuvelisa izixhobo? Makhe ndikuxelele

Inkqubo yokuvelisa iigiya ngokubanzi ibandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:

1. Isicwangciso soyilo:

• Misela iiparamitha: ngokweemfuno ezithile zegiya kunye nendawo yokusebenza, misela umlinganiselo wothumelo lwegiya, inani lamazinyo, imodyuli, isangqa sesangqa sesangqa, ububanzi bezinyo kunye nezinye iiparamitha. Ukubalwa kwezi parameters kufuneka kusekwe kumgaqo wokuhanjiswa koomatshini kunye neefomyula zoyilo ezinxulumeneyo, ezinjengokumisela umyinge wothumelo ngekhonkco lokuhambisa, ukubala amandla ajikelezayo kumazinyo egiya ngokwetorque kwipinion, kwaye emva koko ubale imodyuli yegiya kunye nobubanzi besangqa sesalathiso sokugoba kwamazinyo okudinwa komphezulu wokudinwa.

• Ukhetho lwemathiriyeli: Ukhetho lwemathiriyeli yegiya lubalulekile ekusebenzeni kunye nobomi benkonzo yesixhobo. Izixhobo zezixhobo eziqhelekileyo ziyintsimbi ephakathi kwekhabhoni (njengentsimbi ye-45), intsimbi ephantsi kunye nephakathi ye-carbon alloy (efana ne-20Cr, 40Cr, 20CrMnTi, njl.), kwiigiya ezibalulekileyo ezineemfuno eziphezulu, i-38CrMoAlA intsimbi ye-nitride inokukhethwa, kunye nezixhobo zokusasaza ezinganyanzeliyo nazo zenziwe ngentsimbi etyhidiweyo, i-plylon kunye nezinye izinto.

2. Ukulungiselela okungenanto:

• Ukubunjwa: Xa iigiya zifuna ukomelela okuphezulu, ukuxhathisa ukunxitywa kunye nokuxhathisa impembelelo, i-forging blanks idla ngokusetyenziswa. Ukuqulunqa kunokuphucula umbutho wangaphakathi wezinto zetsimbi, wenze kube nzima ngakumbi, kwaye uphucule iimpawu zemishini yegiya. I-blank emva kokuba i-forging idinga ukunyangwa nge-isothermal normalizing ukuphelisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo olubangelwa ukunyanzeliswa kunye nokugqithisa, ukuphucula ukucwangciswa kwezinto kunye nokuphucula iimpawu zomatshini ezibanzi.

• Ukusasa: Kwiigiya ezinkulu ezinobukhulu obungaphezulu kwe-400-600mm, izikhenkce ziyaphoswa. Ukuphosa kunokuvelisa iigiya ezineemilo ezintsonkothileyo, kodwa umbutho wangaphakathi wegiya ephosiweyo unokuba neziphene ezifana ne-porosity kunye ne-porosity, efuna unyango olulandelayo lobushushu kunye nokulungiswa koomatshini ukuphucula ukusebenza kwayo.

• Ezinye iindlela: Kwiigiya zobukhulu obuncinci kunye nokumila okuntsokothileyo, iinkqubo ezintsha ezinje ngokuchaneka kokuphosa, ukuphoswa koxinzelelo, ukubumba ngokuthe ngqo, isinyithi somgubo, ukuqengqeleka okushushu kunye nokukhutshwa okubandayo kunokusetyenziswa ukuvelisa i-tooth billet enamazinyo egiya ukuphucula imveliso yabasebenzi kunye nokugcina imathiriyeli ekrwada.

3. Ukulungiswa koomatshini:

• Ukusetyenzwa kwamazinyo:

• Ukurhabaxa: ukujika rhabaxa, ukungqusha kunye nokunye ukucocwa kwamazinyo ukuze kususwe uninzi lomda, kushiyeke i-0.5-1mm yokulungiswa kwamazinyo ukuze kugqitywe. Xa urhabaxa, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuchaneka komda kunye noburhabaxa bendawo yezinyo elingenanto ihlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo.

• Ukugqiba ukugqiba: ukugqiba ukugqiba ukujika, ukugqiba ukugqibezela ukungqusha kunye nokunye ukusetyenzwa, ukuphucula ngakumbi ukuchaneka komgangatho kunye nomgangatho womphezulu wezinyo elingenanto, ukulungiselela ukusetyenzwa kobume bezinyo. Ngethuba lokugqitywa kwe-semi-fining, kufuneka kuhlawulwe ingqalelo ekulawuleni ukufana kwesibonelelo sokucubungula ukuphepha isibonelelo esiphezulu okanye esincinci.

• Ukugqiba: Ukuguquguquka okucokisekileyo, ukuguba kakuhle, ukucola kunye nokunye ukusetyenzwa kokungabikho kwamazinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuchaneka komgangatho, ukuchaneka kwemilo kunye noburhabaxa bomphezulu bendawo engenanto izinyo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo. Xa ugqiba, iteknoloji yokucubungula efanelekileyo kunye nesixhobo kufuneka ikhethwe ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nomgangatho wokucubungula.

• Ukulungiswa kokumila kwamazinyo:

• Ukugaya amazinyo: Ukusetyenziswa kwedisk modulus milling cutter okanye i finger milling cutter yokusila amazinyo, yeyenkqubo yokwenza. Imilo yecandelo lezinyo lokusika ihambelana nokumila kwamazinyo egiya, kwaye amazinyo okusila anokwenza iigiya zeemilo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuchaneka kokusebenza kuphantsi, okufanelekileyo kwiqhekeza elinye imveliso encinci yebhetshi okanye ukulungiswa.

• I-Hobbing: Yeyenkqubo yokuvelisa, kwaye umgaqo wokusebenza ulingana nokudityaniswa kweperi yegiya yehelical. I-Gear hob prototype yi-spiral gear ene-Angle enkulu ejikelezayo, kuba inani lamazinyo lincinci kakhulu (ngokuqhelekileyo inani lamazinyo), amazinyo made kakhulu, ajikeleze i-shaft ukwenza intshulube kunye ne-Angle encinci ye-spiral, kwaye emva koko nge-slot kunye namazinyo, iba yi-hob ene-edge yokusika kunye ne-Angle yangasemva. I-Gear hobbing ilungele zonke iintlobo zemveliso yobuninzi, ukusetyenzwa komgangatho ophakathi wegiya yesilinda kunye negiya yeentshulube.

• Isilungisi seGear: Ikwaluhlobo lokuphuhlisa indlela yokulungisa. Xa kusetyenziswa i-gear shaper, i-gear shaper cutter kunye ne-workpiece zilingana ne-meshing yeperi ye-cylindrical gears. Intshukumo ephindaphindayo yesheyiphu yegiya sesona ntshukumo siphambili semilo yegiya, kunye nentshukumo ejikelezayo eyenziwe sisilungisi segiya kunye nesixhobo sokusebenza ngokomlinganiselo othile sisindululo sokutya semilo yegiya. I-Gear shaper ilungele zonke iintlobo zemveliso yobuninzi, ukusetyenzwa komgangatho ophakathi ngaphakathi nangaphandle iigiya zesilinda, iigiya ezininzi zokudibanisa kunye nerack encinci.

Ukutsheva: Ukutsheva yindlela eqhelekileyo esetyenziswayo yokugqibezela indawo yamazinyo angomelelanga kwimveliso yobuninzi. Umgaqo osebenzayo kukusebenzisa i-cutter yokucheba kunye nezixhobo eziza kucutshungulwa ukunyakaza kwe-meshing yamahhala, ngoncedo lwesiliphu esihlobene phakathi kwezi zibini, ukucheba iitshiphusi ezintle kakhulu ukusuka kumphezulu wezinyo ukuphucula ukuchaneka kwendawo yezinyo. Amazinyo okucheba anokwenza amazinyo egubu ukuphucula indawo yokudibanisa kwindawo yezinyo.

Ukugaya igiya: yindlela yokugqiba iprofayili yezinyo, ngakumbi kwiigiya ezilukhuni, ngokufuthi eyona ndlela yokugqiba. Ukucola igiya kusenokuba sisila ngevili lokusila iintshulube, nako ukucola ngevili lokusila elicolekileyo okanye ivili lokusila idisc. Ukuchaneka komatshini wokugaya igiya kuphezulu, ixabiso loburhabaxa bomphezulu lincinci, kodwa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kuphantsi, ixabiso eliphezulu.

4. Unyango lobushushu:

• Ukunyanga ukushisa okungenanto: Lungiselela unyango lwangaphambi kokushisa ngaphambi nangemva kokulungiswa kwezinyo elingenanto, njengesiqhelo okanye ukufudumeza, injongo ephambili kukuphelisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo olubangelwa ukunyanzeliswa kunye nokugqithisa, ukuphucula ukucwangciswa kwezinto kunye nokuphucula iimpawu zomatshini ezibanzi.

• Ukunyangwa kobushushu bomgangatho wezinyo: Emva kokulungiswa kobume bezinyo, ukuze kuphuculwe ukuqina kunye nokumelana nokunxiba kwendawo yezinyo, ukuqina kwe-carburizing, ukuqina kwe-high-frequency induction heat hard, i-carbonitriding kunye neenkqubo zokunyanga ubushushu be-nitriding zihlala ziqhutywa.

5. Ukucutshungulwa kokuphela kwezinyo: isiphelo sezinyo sesixhobo sicutshungulwa ngokujikeleza, i-chamfering, i-chamfering kunye ne-deburring. Ukucoca kwamazinyo kufuneka kuqhutywe phambi kokucima igiya, ngokuqhelekileyo emva kokuqengqeleka (ukutshintshwa) kwamazinyo, ngaphambi kokucheba okucwangcisiweyo kokuphela kwamazinyo.

6. Ukuhlolwa komgangatho: iiparitha ezahlukeneyo zegiya zivavanywa, njengemilo yezinyo, intambo yezinyo, isikhokelo sezinyo, ubukhulu bezinyo, ubude obuqhelekileyo obuqhelekileyo, ukuphuma, njl., Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuchaneka kunye nomgangatho wesixhobo uhlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo. Iindlela zokufumanisa ziquka ukulinganisa ngesandla kunye nezixhobo zokulinganisa kunye nokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokulinganisa izixhobo.