Inkqubo yeCNC

Igama elithi CNC limele "ulawulo lwamanani ekhompyutheni," kunye ne-CNC machining ichazwa njengenkqubo yokuvelisa i-subtractive ehlala isebenzisa ulawulo lwekhompyutheni kunye nezixhobo zoomatshini ukususa iileya zempahla kwiqhekeza lesitokhwe (esibizwa ngokuba lingenanto okanye i-workpiece) kwaye ivelise isiko- inxalenye eyilwe.

Inkqubo isebenza kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ezibandakanya isinyithi, iplastiki, iinkuni, iglasi, i-foam kunye ne-composites, kwaye inezicelo kumashishini ahlukeneyo, afana ne-CNC machining enkulu kunye ne-CNC yokugqiba iindawo ze-aerospace.

Iimpawu zeCNC machining

01. Iqondo eliphezulu lokuzenzekelayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kakhulu kwemveliso. Ngaphandle kwe-clamping engenanto, zonke ezinye iinkqubo zokucwangcisa zingagqitywa ngezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC. Ukuba kudityaniswe nokulayisha ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nokukhulula, yinxalenye esisiseko yefektri engasebenziyo.

Ukucutshungulwa kwe-CNC kunciphisa umsebenzi womqhubi, kuphucula iimeko zokusebenza, kuphelisa ukumakisha, ukubethelwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokubeka indawo, ukuhlolwa kunye nezinye iinkqubo kunye nemisebenzi encedisayo, kunye nokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukusebenza kwemveliso.

02. Ukulungelelaniswa kwezinto zokucubungula i-CNC. Xa utshintsha into yokucubungula, ngaphezu kokutshintsha isixhobo kunye nokusombulula indlela yokudibanisa engenanto, i-reprogramming kuphela iyafuneka ngaphandle kolunye uhlengahlengiso olunzima, olunciphisa umjikelo wokulungiselela imveliso.

03. Ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nomgangatho ozinzile. Ukuchaneka komgangatho wokucutshungulwa kuphakathi kwe-d0.005-0.01mm, engachatshazelwa bubunzima bamacandelo, kuba uninzi lwemisebenzi lugqitywa ngokuzenzekelayo ngumatshini. Ke ngoko, ubungakanani bamacandelo ebhetshi buyanda, kwaye izixhobo zokubona indawo nazo zisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zoomatshini ezilawulwa ngokuchanekileyo. , ngakumbi ukuphucula ukuchaneka komatshini we-CNC ochanekileyo.

04. Ukulungiswa kwe-CNC kuneempawu ezimbini eziphambili: okokuqala, kunokuphucula kakhulu ukuchaneka kokucubungula, kubandakanywa ukuchaneka komgangatho wokucubungula kunye nokuchaneka kwempazamo yexesha; okwesibini, ukuphindaphindwa komgangatho wokucubungula kunokuzinzisa umgangatho wokucubungula kunye nokugcina umgangatho wamacandelo asetyenzisiweyo.

Itekhnoloji yomatshini weCNC kunye nomda wesicelo:

Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenzwa zingakhethwa ngokwezinto eziphathekayo kunye neemfuno ze-workpiece yomatshini. Ukuqonda iindlela eziqhelekileyo zomatshini kunye nobubanzi besicelo kunokusivumela ukuba sifumane eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokucubungula inxalenye.

Ukujika

Indlela yokucubungula iinxalenye usebenzisa i-lathes ngokudibeneyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-turning. Ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokujika, iindawo ezijikelezileyo ezigobileyo nazo zinokulungiswa ngexesha lokutya okunqamlezileyo. Ukujika kunokwenza umphezulu womsonto, iindiza zokuphela, i-eccentric shafts, njl.

Ukuchaneka kokujika ngokuqhelekileyo yi-IT11-IT6, kunye nobunzima bomhlaba yi-12.5-0.8μm. Ngexesha lokuguqulwa kakuhle, inokufikelela kwi-IT6-IT5, kwaye uburhabaxa bunokufikelela kwi-0.4-0.1μm. Imveliso yokuguqulwa kokuguqulwa iphezulu, inkqubo yokusika ilula, kwaye izixhobo zilula.

Umda wesicelo: imingxuma esembindini, ukomba, ukuphinda-phinda, ukucofa, ukujika kwecylindrical, ukukruqula, ukujika ubuso, iigrooves ezijikayo, ukujika okubunjiweyo komphezulu, ukujika kwetaper umphezulu, ukuguqa, kunye nokujika komsonto.

Ukugaya

Ukugaya yindlela yokusebenzisa isixhobo esijikelezayo esine-multi-edged (i-milling cutter) kumatshini wokusila ukucubungula i-workpiece. Intshukumo ephambili yokusika kukujikeleza kwesixhobo. Ngokumalunga nokuba isantya sentshukumo esiphambili ngexesha lokusila siyafana okanye sichasana nesalathiso sesondlo sesixhobo sokusebenza, sahlulwe ngokwesingqusho esisezantsi kunye nokunyuka kommango.

(1) Ukusila phantsi

Icandelo elithe tyaba lamandla okusila liyafana nesalathiso sesondlo se-workpiece. Kudla ngokubakho umsantsa phakathi kwesikrufu sokutya setafile yesixhobo sokusebenza kunye nendongomane esisigxina. Ngoko ke, amandla okusika anokubangela ukuba i-workpiece kunye ne-worktable iqhube phambili kunye, ibangela ukuba izinga lokutya linyuke ngokukhawuleza. Ukwandisa, kubangela iimela.

(2) I-counter milling

Iyakwazi ukuphepha intshukumo yentshukumo eyenzekayo ngexesha lokugaya. Ngexesha lokusila, ubukhulu bokusika bukhula ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka kwi-zero, ngoko ke umda wokusika uqala ukufumana inqanaba lokucinezela kunye nokutyibilika kwindawo eqinileyo yomatshini, ukukhawulezisa ukunxiba isixhobo.

Ububanzi besicelo: Ukusila ngenqwelomoya, ukugaya inyathelo, ukugaya igroove, ukwenza i-surface milling, i-spiral groove milling, ukugaya igiya, ukusika.

Ukucwangcisa

Ukusetyenzwa kwesicwangciso ngokuqhelekileyo kubhekisa kwindlela yokucubungula esebenzisa isicwangcisi ukwenza isindululo esibuyelayo somgca ngokunxulumene nomsebenzi okwiplani ukususa imathiriyeli engaphezulu.

Ukuchaneka kocwangco kunokufikelela ngokubanzi kwi-IT8-IT7, uburhabaxa bomphezulu yi-Ra6.3-1.6μm, i-flatness yokucwangcisa ingafikelela kwi-0.02/1000, kwaye uburhabaxa bomphezulu bu-0.8-0.4μm, obuphezulu ekuqhutyweni kwee-castings ezinkulu.

Umda wesicelo: ukucwangcisa imiphezulu ethe tyaba, ukucwangcisa imiphezulu ethe nkqo, ukucwangcisa imiphezulu egobileyo, ukucwangcisa imisele eneengile ekunene, iibevels zokucwangcisa, ukuplana imijelo emile okwe-D, ukucwangcisa imijelo emise okwe-V, ukucwangcisa imiphezulu egobileyo, ukucwangcisa izitshixo emingxunyeni, iiracks zokucwangcisa, ukucwangcisa umphezulu odibeneyo

Ukusila

Ukugaya yindlela yokusika i-workpiece surface kwi-grinder usebenzisa i-high-hardness artificial wheel wheel (ivili lokugaya) njengesixhobo. Intshukumo ephambili kukujikeleza kwevili lokugaya.

Ukuchaneka kokusila kunokufikelela kwi-IT6-IT4, kunye noburhabaxa bomhlaba uRa unokufikelela kwi-1.25-0.01μm, okanye nokuba yi-0.1-0.008μm. Olunye uphawu lokugaya kukuba luyakwazi ukucubungula izinto ezilukhuni zetsimbi, ezizezobubanzi bokugqiba, ngoko ke isetyenziswa rhoqo njengenyathelo lokugqibela. Ngokwemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, ukugawula kungahlulwa kwakhona kwi-cylindrical grinding, ukugaya umngxuma wangaphakathi, ukugaya flat, njl.

Ubungakanani besicelo: ukugaya i-cylindrical, ukugaya i-cylindrical yangaphakathi, i-surface grinding, i-form grinding, i-thread grinding, i-gear grinding.

Ukugrumba

Inkqubo yokucubungula imingxuma eyahlukeneyo yangaphakathi kumatshini wokugaya ibizwa ngokuba yi-drilling kwaye yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokulungisa umngxuma.

Ukuchaneka kokomba kuphantsi, ngokubanzi IT12~IT11, kwaye uburhabaxa bomphezulu ngokuqhelekileyo yiRa5.0 ~ 6.3um. Emva kokugrumba, ukwandiswa kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziselwa ukugqiba kunye nokugqiba. Ukuchaneka kokulungiswa kwakhona ngokuqhelekileyo yi-IT9-IT6, kwaye uburhabaxa bomphezulu yi-Ra1.6-0.4μm.

Ubungakanani besicelo: ukomba, ukubuyisela kwakhona, ukucofa, imingxuma yestrontium, ukukrwela imiphezulu

Ukucutshungulwa okukruqulayo

Ukucutshungulwa kwe-Boring yindlela yokucubungula esebenzisa umatshini odikayo ukwandisa ububanzi bemingxuma ekhoyo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho. Ukusetyenzwa kwe-Boring kusekelwe ikakhulu kwintshukumo ejikelezayo yesixhobo esikruqulayo.

Ukuchaneka kokulungiswa kwe-boring kuphezulu, ngokubanzi i-IT9-IT7, kunye noburhabaxa bomphezulu yi-Ra6.3-0.8mm, kodwa ukuveliswa kokusebenza kwemveliso kuphantsi.

Ububanzi besicelo: ukulungiswa kwemingxuma ephezulu, ukugqitywa kwemingxunya emininzi

Ukulungiswa komphezulu wamazinyo

Iindlela zokulungisa umphezulu wezinyo zegear zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amabini: indlela yokwenza kunye nendlela yokuvelisa.

Isixhobo somatshini esisetyenziselwa ukucubungula umphezulu wezinyo ngendlela yokubumba ngokuqhelekileyo ngumatshini wokusila oqhelekileyo, kwaye isixhobo sisixhobo sokugaya, esifuna iintshukumo ezimbini ezilula zokubumba: ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kunye nokuhamba komgca wesixhobo. Izixhobo zoomatshini eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukusetyenzwa kwamazinyo ngendlela yokuvelisa ngoomatshini bokuhlamba izixhobo, oomatshini bokubumba izixhobo, njl.

Ubungakanani besicelo: iigiya, njl.

Ukulungiswa komphezulu onzima

Ukusikwa kwemigangatho emithathu egotyiweyo ikakhulu isebenzisa iindlela zokusila ikopi kunye ne-CNC okanye iindlela ezikhethekileyo zokulungisa.

Ububanzi besicelo: amacandelo anemigangatho egobileyo enzima

I-EDM

Ukukhutshwa kombane usebenzisa ubushushu obuphezulu obuveliswa yintlantsi ephuma kwangoko phakathi kwesixhobo se-electrode kunye ne-electrode ye-workpiece ukutshabalalisa izinto ezingaphezulu kwendawo yokusebenza ukuze kufezekiswe umatshini.

Ubungakanani besicelo:

① Ukusetyenzwa kwezixhobo eziqinileyo, ezinqabileyo, ezithambileyo nezinyibilikayo;

②Ukulungiswa kwemathiriyeli ye-semiconductor kunye nemathiriyeli engasebenziyo;

③Ukusetyenzwa kweentlobo ngeentlobo zemingxuma, imingxuma egobileyo kunye nemingxuma emincinci;

④Ukulungisa imingxunya engaphezulu enemigangatho emithathu egobileyo, enje ngegumbi lokubumba lokubumba, ukubumba okufayo, kunye nokubumba kweplastiki;

⑤ Isetyenziselwa ukusika, ukusika, ukomeleza umphezulu, ukukrola, ukuprinta iiplate zamagama kunye nokumakisha, njl.

I-electrochemical machining

I-electrochemical machining yindlela esebenzisa umgaqo we-electrochemical of anodic dissolution yesinyithi kwi-electrolyte ukubumba i-workpiece.

I-workpiece iqhagamshelwe kwipali echanekileyo yonikezelo lombane lwe-DC, isixhobo siqhagamshelwe kwipali engafanelekanga, kwaye isithuba esincinci (0.1mm ~ 0.8mm) sigcinwa phakathi kwezibonda ezimbini. I-electrolyte enoxinzelelo oluthile (0.5MPa ~ 2.5MPa) ihamba ngesithuba phakathi kweepali ezimbini ngesantya esiphezulu (15m / s ~ 60m / s).

Ububanzi besicelo: imingxuma yokucubungula, i-cavities, iiprofayili ezinzima, imingxuma encinci enzulu, ukudubula, ukuchithwa, ukukrola, njl.

laser processing

Ukucutshungulwa kwe-laser ye-workpiece kugqitywe ngomatshini wokucubungula i-laser. Oomatshini bokulungisa iLaser bahlala bequka iilaser, izixhobo zombane, iinkqubo zamehlo kunye neenkqubo zoomatshini.

Umzobo wesicelo: Umzobo wedayimani wocingo uyafa, iibhereyidi zewashi elinqabileyo, izikhumba ezinamaqhekeza ahlukanisiweyo apholileyo afakwe emoyeni, ukusetyenzwa komngxuma omncinci wee-injector ze-injini, ii-injini ze-aero-injini, njl., kunye nokusikwa kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zetsimbi kunye nezixhobo ezingezizo ezentsimbi.

Ukulungiswa kwe-ultrasonic

I-Ultrasonic machining yindlela esebenzisa i-ultrasonic frequency (16KHz ~ 25KHz) i-vibration ye-tool end face to impact abrasives suspended suspended in the working fluid, kunye ne-particle abrasive impact and polish the workpiece surface to process workpiece.

Ububanzi besicelo: izinto ezinzima-ukusika

Amashishini ezicelo eziphambili

Ngokubanzi, iindawo ezicutshungulwayo yi-CNC zinokuchaneka okuphezulu, ngoko ke iindawo ezicutshungulwayo ze-CNC zisetyenziswa kakhulu kula mashishini alandelayo:

I-Aerospace

I-aerospace ifuna iinxalenye ezichaneke kakhulu kunye nokuphinda-phinda, kubandakanywa iintsimbi ze-injini ye-injini, izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza amanye amacandelo, kunye namagumbi okutsha asetyenziswa kwii-injini ze-rocket.

Izithuthi kunye nokwakhiwa koomatshini

Ushishino lweemoto lufuna ukuveliswa kwezinto ezichanekileyo eziphezulu zokubumba izinto zokuphosa (ezifana ne-injini ye-injini) okanye ukwenza izixhobo zokunyamezela okuphezulu (ezifana neepistons). Umatshini wohlobo lwe-gantry uphosa iimodyuli zodongwe ezisetyenziswa kwisigaba soyilo lwemoto.

Ishishini lomkhosi

Ishishini lezempi lisebenzisa amacandelo achanekileyo aneemfuno ezingqongqo zokunyamezela, kubandakanywa amacandelo e-missile, imipu yezibhamu, njl. Zonke izixhobo ezixutywe ngomatshini kwishishini lezempi zizuza ngokuchaneka kunye nesantya semishini ye-CNC.

ezonyango

Izixhobo zonyango ezifakelwayo zidla ngokuyilwa ukuze zilingane ukumila kwamalungu omntu kwaye kufuneka zenziwe ngeealloyi eziphambili. Ekubeni kungekho matshini wezandla okwaziyo ukuvelisa iimilo ezinjalo, oomatshini be-CNC baba yimfuneko.

amandla

Ishishini lamandla ligubungela zonke iinkalo zobunjineli, ukusuka kwiiinjini zomphunga ukuya kwezona teknoloji ziphambili ezifana nenyukliya fusion. Iiinjini zomphunga zifuna iincakuba zeinjini ezichaneke kakhulu ukugcina ulungelelwano kwiinjini yomoya. Ubume be-R&D plasma suppression cavity kwi-nyukliya fusion intsonkothile kakhulu, yenziwe ngezinto eziphucukileyo, kwaye ifuna inkxaso yoomatshini be-CNC.

Ukucutshungulwa komatshini kuye kwaphuhliswa kude kube namhlanje, kwaye emva kokuphuculwa kweemfuno zemarike, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokucwangcisa ziye zafunyanwa. Xa ukhetha inkqubo ye-machining, unokuqwalasela iinkalo ezininzi: kubandakanywa ukumila komphezulu we-workpiece, ukuchaneka kwe-dimensional, ukuchaneka kwendawo, uburhabaxa bomhlaba, njl.

Kuphela ngokukhetha eyona nkqubo ifanelekileyo sinokuthi siqinisekise umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-workpiece kunye notyalo-mali oluncinci, kwaye sandise inzuzo eyenziwe.