Ishishini lemveliso lihlala lineenkqubo kunye neemfuno ezithile. Isoloko ithetha iiodolo ezinkulu zevolumu, iifektri zemveli, kunye nemigca yendibano entsonkothileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ingqikelelo yamva nje yokwenziwa kwemfuno itshintsha ishishini libe ngcono.
Kwisiseko sayo, ukuveliswa kwemfuno yeyona nto igama livakala ngathi. Ngumbono onqanda ukwenziwa kwamalungu kuphela xa kufuneka.
Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho luhlu olugqithisiweyo kwaye akukho ndleko zixhaphakileyo ngokusetyenziswa kwe-automation kunye ne-predictive modeling. Nangona kunjalo, akuphelelanga apho. Kukho izibonelelo ezininzi kunye nezithintelo ezinxulumene nokuveliswa kweemfuno kwaye isicatshulwa esilandelayo siya kujonga ngokufutshane kubo.
Intshayelelo emfutshane yokwenziwa kweMveliso ekwiMfuneko
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ingqikelelo yokwenziwa kwemfuno yeyona nto igama layo licebisayo. Kukwenziwa kwamalungu okanye iimveliso xa zifuneka nangobungakanani obufunekayo.
Ngeendlela ezininzi, inkqubo ifana kakhulu nombono kaLean wexesha nje. Nangona kunjalo, yongezwa ngokuzenzekela kunye ne-AI ukuqikelela ukuba into iya kufuneka nini. Inkqubo ikwaqwalasela izinto ezifunekayo ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu kwindawo yokuvelisa kunye nokuzisa ixabiso rhoqo.
Ngokubanzi, imveliso efunwayo yahluka kakhulu kwimveliso yemveli njengoko ijolise kumthamo ophantsi wezinto zesiqhelo kwimfuno yomthengi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuveliswa kwemveli kudala inxalenye okanye imveliso ngobuninzi kwangaphambili ngokulindela imfuno yabathengi.
Ingcamango yokuveliswa kwemfuno ifumene ingqwalasela eninzi kwicandelo lokuvelisa kunye nesizathu esihle. Iingenelo zokwenza izinto ezifunwayo zininzi. Ezinye zazo ngamaxesha okuhanjiswa akhawulezayo, ukonga iindleko ezibalulekileyo, ukuguquguquka okuphuculweyo, kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma.
Le nkqubo ikwayindlela ebalaseleyo yokuchasana nemingeni yesixokelelwano sobonelelo olujongene noshishino lwemveliso. Ukonyuka kokuguquguquka kuququzelela amaxesha amafutshane okukhokela kunye neendleko eziphantsi ze-inventri, ukunceda amashishini ahlale phambi kwemfuno. Ngaloo ndlela inika imveliso engcono, ekhawulezayo ngexabiso elifanelekileyo.
Abaqhubi abaPhambili emva kokuPhakamisa kweMveliso efunwayo
Umbono ongemva kokwenziwa kwemfuno uvakala ulula, kutheni ke ihlonitshwa njengento yamva nje okanye inoveli? Impendulo ikwixesha. Ukuthembela kwimodeli efunwayo kwiimveliso zokuvelisa ezikwimfuno ephezulu kwakungekho konke konke.
Ubuchwephesha obukhoyo, imiqobo yonxibelelwano, kunye nobugocigoci bothungelwano lonikezelo luthintele amashishini ekubeni abusebenzisele ukukhula kwawo. Ngaphezu koko, abemi, ngokubanzi, bebengayazi imiceli mngeni yendalo esingqongileyo, kwaye imfuno yezenzo ezizinzileyo yayilinganiselwe kakhulu kwezinye iindawo.
Noko ke, izinto zitshintshile mva nje. Ngoku, imveliso efunwayo ayenzeki nje kuphela kodwa ikwacetyiswa ekukhuleni kwalo naliphi na ishishini. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezibangela le nto, kodwa ezi zizathu zilandelayo zezona zibalulekileyo:
I-1 - Inkqubela phambili kwiTekhnoloji ekhoyo
Oku mhlawumbi yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ebingeyonto ngaphandle kokutshintsha umdlalo kushishino. Inkqubela phambili yakutsha nje kwicomputing yelifu, i-automation, kunye nobuchule bokwenza ngokwayo ichaze into enokwenzeka.
Thatha ushicilelo lwe-3D njengomzekelo. Itekhnoloji ebikade ijongwa njengengasebenziyo kushishino lwemveliso ngoku iphambili kuyo. Ukusuka kwiprototyping ukuya kwimveliso, ushicilelo lwe-3D lusetyenziswa kuyo yonke indawo kwaye luyaqhubeka nokuqhubela phambili yonke imihla.
Ngokufanayo, inkqubo yokwenziwa kwedijithali kunye neShishini 4.0 kudityanisiwe nazo zidlale indima enkulu ekwabelweni kwemveliso kunye nokuphucula amava ngokubanzi.
Ukusuka ekuyileni iimveliso ezintsha ukuya ekuhlalutyeni ukwahluka okunokwenzeka, kunye nokwandisa uyilo olukhankanyiweyo lokwenziwa kwezinto, ukuqhubela phambili kweteknoloji yangoku kuyenza lula yonke.
I-2 - Iimfuno zoMthengi ezikhulayo
Enye into ebangela ukukhula okubonakalayo kwemveliso efunekayo kukukhula kwabathengi. Abathengi banamhlanje bafuna iinketho ezilungiselelwe ngakumbi kunye nokuguquguquka okukhulu kwemveliso, ekufutshane nokungenakwenzeka kuyo nayiphi na isethingi yendabuko.
Ngaphaya koko, abathengi bale mihla bakwafuna izisombululo ezilungiselelwe ngakumbi kwizicelo zabo ezithile ngenxa yemfuno ekhulayo yokusebenza kakuhle. Nawuphi na umthengi we-B2B unokuzama ukugxila ngakumbi kuphawu lwemveliso oluphucula usetyenziso lwabo oluthile, luyenza imfuneko yezisombululo ezikhethekileyo ngokoyilo lomthengi.
I-3 – iMfuneko yokuNciphisa Iindleko
Ukhuphiswano olwandisiweyo kwimarike kuthetha ukuba onke amashishini, kubandakanywa nabavelisi, baphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu lokuphucula iziseko zabo. Eyona ndlela ingcono yokwenza oko kukuqinisekisa imveliso esebenzayo ngelixa kusetyenziswa iindlela ezintsha zokunciphisa iindleko. Inkqubo inokuvakala ilula kodwa ayikuko ukugxila kakhulu kwiindleko kunokubeka esichengeni umgangatho kwaye leyo yinto akukho menzi uya kuze ayamkele.
Ingcamango yokuveliswa kwemfuno inokujongana nengxaki yeendleko kwiibhetshi ezincinci ngaphandle kokuthotyelwa kumgangatho. Yenza lula imveliso kwaye inqande iindleko zoluhlu lwempahla exuberant. Ngaphezu koko, ukuvelisa ngokufunwayo kwakhona kuphelisa imfuneko yoBuncinci boMyalelo woMyalelo (MOQs), ovumela amashishini ukuba aodole ubungakanani obuchanekileyo abafunekayo kwaye onge imali kwezothutho ngokunjalo.
I-4 - Ukusukela ngokuSebenza okuPhezulu
Ngamashishini amaninzi kwimarike kunye nemveliso entsha okanye uyilo oluza yonke imihla, kukho imfuneko ephezulu yombono wokuvelisa oququzelela umboniso okhawulezayo kunye novavanyo lwemarike kwangoko. Imveliso ngokufunwayo yeyona nto ifunwa lishishini. Abathengi bakhululekile uku-odola nje abambalwa njengenxalenye enye, ngaphandle kwemfuneko yobungakanani obuncinci, okubenza bakwazi ukuvavanya ukwenzeka koyilo.
Ngoku banokuqhuba iprototyping kunye novavanyo loyilo lwemiriyadi yoyilo oluphindaphindwayo ngexabiso elifanayo elithathiweyo kuvavanyo loyilo olunye.
Ngaphandle koko, ukwamkela isicwangciso semveliso esihambelana nemfuno engenayo kunokuncedisa amashishini ekugcineni ukuguquguquka. Iimarike zanamhlanje ziguquguqukayo kwaye amashishini adinga ukukwazi ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka naluphi na utshintsho kwiimeko zemarike.
I-5 - i-Globalization kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-Supply Chain
Ukukhula kwehlabathi jikelele kuthetha ukuba nesona siganeko sincinane kwishishini elinye sinokuba nefuthe elincinane kwelinye. Isibini esineziganeko ezininzi zokuphazamiseka kwekhonkco lokubonelela ngenxa yezopolitiko, ezoqoqosho, okanye ezinye iimeko ezingaphandle kolawulo, kukho imfuneko ekhulayo yokuba nesicwangciso sokugcina indawo.
Imveliso efunwayo ikhona ukuququzelela ukuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokusebenza okulungiselelwe. Yiloo nto kanye efunwa lishishini.
Abavelisi banokuqhagamshelana ngokukhawuleza nenkonzo yokuvelisa yasekhaya ngeenkonzo ezigqwesileyo kunye nokuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza kwemveliso yabo. Imveliso yendawo ivumela amashishini ukuba athintele imiba yokubonelela kunye nokuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza. Oku bhetyebhetye kunikezelwa ziiprojekthi ezifunwayo kubenza babe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kumashishini afuna ukugcina ukhuphiswano lwawo ngeenkonzo ezingaguqukiyo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwangexesha.
I-6 - Ukukhula kweeNkalo zokusiNgqongileyo
Ngeenkxalabo ezikhulayo malunga nefuthe lokusingqongileyo kweenkqubo zoshishino, abathengi banamhlanje bafuna ukuba amashishini athathe uxanduva kwaye asebenze ekunciphiseni i-carbon footprint. Ngaphezu koko, oorhulumente bakwakhuthaza ukuhamba luhlaza kwaye bathintele ifuthe lendalo yonke lemisebenzi yabo.
Ukuvelisa kwi-imfuno kunokunciphisa inkunkuma kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla ngelixa kunika izisombululo ezilungiselelwe abathengi. Oku kuthetha ukuba imeko yokuphumelela kumashishini kwaye ibonisa ngakumbi ukubaluleka kokukhetha imodeli efunekayo kunokuba ibe yendabuko.
Imicelimngeni yangoku yokuVeliswa okukwiMfuneko
Ngelixa imveliso efunwayo ineengenelo ezininzi, ayikuko konke ukukhanya kwelanga kunye neerozi kwilizwe lemveliso. Kukho iinkxalabo ezisebenzayo malunga nokusebenza kwemveliso efunekayo, ngakumbi kwiiprojekthi ezinomthamo ophezulu. Ngapha koko, ukwenziwa kwelifu okusekwe kwilifu kunokuvula ishishini kwizisongelo ezininzi ezinokubakho ezantsi kumgca.
Nantsi imiceli mngeni embalwa ejongene neshishini ngelixa liphumeza imodeli efunekayo.
Iindleko zeYunithi eziPhezulu
Ngelixa iindleko zokumisela le nkqubo ziya kuba ngaphantsi, kuya kuba nzima ukufikelela kuqoqosho lwesikali. Oku kuthetha ukuba ixabiso leyunithi ephezulu njengoko imveliso isanda. Indlela yokufunwa yenzelwe iiprojekthi ezinomthamo ophantsi kwaye inokunikezela ngeziphumo ezifanelekileyo ngelixa igcina iindleko ezinxulumene nezixhobo ezibiza kakhulu kunye nezinye iinkqubo zangaphambili eziqhelekileyo kunye nemveliso yemveli.
Ukulinganiselwa kwezinto eziphathekayo
Iinkqubo ezinje ngoshicilelo lwe-3D kunye nokubunjwa kwesitofu zizinto eziphambili zokwenziwa kwemfuno. Nangona kunjalo, banqongophele kakhulu kuhlobo lwezixhobo abanokuthi baziphathe, kwaye oko kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo ezifunekayo kwiiprojekthi ezininzi. Kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba i-CNC machining yahluke kancinane njengoko inokusingatha iindidi ezininzi zemathiriyeli, kodwa isebenza njengento eqhelekileyo phakathi kweenkqubo zanamhlanje ezifunekayo kunye neendibano zemveli.
Imiba yoLawulo loMgangatho
Ngenxa yamaxesha amafutshane okukhokela, iinkqubo ezifunwayo zibonelela ngamathuba ambalwa e-QA. Kwelinye icala, ukwenziwa kwemveli yinkqubo ecothayo nelandelelanayo, enika amathuba amaninzi e-QA kwaye ivumela abavelisi ukuba bahlale benikezela ngeziphumo ezibalaseleyo.
Imingcipheko yePropati yoBukrelekrele
Ukuveliswa kwamafu kuxhomekeke kuyilo lwe-intanethi kunye neeplatifti ezizenzekelayo ezisebenzisa iikhomputha kunye ne-intanethi ukugcina unxibelelwano olusebenzayo phakathi kwabo bonke abachaphazelekayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba iiprototypes kunye nolunye uyilo luhlala lusemngciphekweni wokubiwa kwepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, nto leyo enokuba yingozi kulo naliphi na ishishini.
I-Scalability elinganiselwe
Omnye weyona miceli mngeni inkulu kwimveliso efunekayo kukukhawulelwa kwayo. Zonke iinkqubo zayo zisebenza ngakumbi kwiibhetshi ezincinci kwaye azinikezeli naziphi na iinketho zokukala ngokoqoqosho lwesikali. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukwenziwa kwemfuno yodwa akukwazi ukuzalisekisa iimfuno zokwenziwa kweshishini xa likhula.
Lilonke, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezifunwayo lolona khetho lubalulekileyo nolubalaseleyo kulo naliphi na ishishini, kodwa liza nemingeni yalo ekhethekileyo. Ishishini linokukhetha iinkqubo zokulawula umgangatho ophezulu ukunciphisa umngcipheko, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha iindlela zokuvelisa eziqhelekileyo ziyimfuneko.
IiNkqubo zeMveliso eziBalulekileyo ezifunwayo
Iinkqubo zokuvelisa ezisetyenziswa kwiiprojekthi ezifunwayo ziyafana nayo nayiphi na iprojekthi yemveli. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ugxininiso olukhulu kwiibhetshi ezincinci kunye nokuhlangabezana nemfuno yabathengi ngelona xesha lifutshane lokuguqula. Nazi iinkqubo ezimbalwa eziphambili abavelisi abaxhomekeke kuzo kwimveliso efunekayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-01-2023